Residual volume is a normal phenomenon but the dead space volume (physiological dead space) occurs due to lack of the blood supply into the alveoli resulting in the improper gaseous exchange of the alveoli. However, differences in the exact way of measuring this space result in clinically significant different results and, therefore, debate remains about the true value of this measured parameter.Ĭopyright © 2023, StatPearls Publishing LLC. Answer Verified 194.1k + views Hint: No, residual volume and dead space volume are not synonymous. Indeed, it may serve as a prognostic factor in patients with acute repository distress syndrome (ARDS) who require ventilation. This phenomenon has clinical significance because, both in healthy and impaired lungs, properly calculating and accounting for this non-physiological space is important for the proper respiratory care of ventilated patients. This is therefore termed anatomical dead space as it serves no respiratory function. Anatomic dead space is an important phenomenon in respiratory physiology whereby, owing to the fact that upper airways do not function as locations for gas exchange, and because of the tidal nature of ventilation, there is always a fraction of the inspired air that does not perform a physiologic function of exchanging carbon dioxide for oxygen. The current calculation of physiological dead space, utilisingmeasurements of arterial CO2 tension (PaCO2) and mixed expired CO2 tension (PECO2), was initiallythought to include an anatomical dead space, representing the fraction of ventilation advancing no furtherthan the conducting airways, and an alveolar dead space, representing the fraction.
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